買辦



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買辦是指在清代五口通商地区被西方公民雇佣并且参与其主要经营活动的中国人，原對應之西班牙文Comprar意譯為「購買」的意思，英文則作Comprador。清代買辦分為洋行買辦、外商銀行買辦、輪船公司買辦，多以廣東和江浙出身。這類由外商僱用之商人通常外語能力強，一方面可作為歐美商人與中國商人的翻譯，也可處理歐美國家商界與中國政府之雙向溝通。除此，這類型商人還可自營商舖，因此致富者頗眾。



著名買辦


  • 吴健彰


  • 杨坊早起任职于怡和洋行，英语极为流利，后成为上海最早的大买办，帮助华尔洋枪队筹集资金抵抗太平天国进攻上海。

  • 陳廉伯

  • 何甘棠

  • 盧亞貴


  • 馮明珊：有利銀行。


  • 郭甘章：廣東香山縣買辦，1870年代初，名下有甘章船廠。[1]

  • 唐廷樞

  • 張嘉璈


  • 莫仕揚：莫仕揚家族。[2]


  • 吳炳垣 (阿偉)

  • 何東

從移民社會轉型為定居社會以後，因為臺灣1860年代開港通商，在傳統的地主與郊商之外，買辦成為臺灣新興的社會領導階層：



  • 李春生：台灣19世紀中期的富商。其買辦身分，延續到台灣日治時期。


  • 陳福謙：台灣打狗（今高雄）。

  • 陳中和


研究書目


  • 郝延平著，李榮昌譯：《十九世紀的中國買辦：東西間橋樑》（上海：上海社會科學出版社，1988）。


参见


  • 大班

  • 幫辦

  • 代理

  • 洋行

  • 尋租

  • 套利

  • 國家資本主義


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