Sayyid dynasty
Sayyid dynasty
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Sayyid dynasty | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1414–1451 | |||||||||
 The tomb of Muhammad Shah at Lodi Gardens, New Delhi. | |||||||||
| Capital | Delhi | ||||||||
| Common languages | Persian (official)[1] | ||||||||
| Religion | Islam | ||||||||
| Government | Sultanate | ||||||||
| Sultan | |||||||||
• 1414–1421 | Khizr Khan | ||||||||
• 1421-1434 | Mubarak Shah | ||||||||
• 1434-1445 | Muhammad Shah | ||||||||
• 1445-1451 | Ala-ud-Din Shah | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• Established | 28 May 1414 | ||||||||
• Disestablished | 19 April 1451 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of |  India  Pakistan | ||||||||
| Delhi Sultanate | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ruling dynasties | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Mamluk dynasty
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
Khalji dynasty
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
Tughlaq dynasty
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
Sayyid dynasty
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
Lodi dynasty
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
The Sayyid dynasty was the fourth dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate, with four rulers ruling from 1414 to 1451. Founded by Khizr Khan a former governor of Multan, they succeeded the Tughlaq dynasty and ruled the sultanate until they were displaced by the Lodi dynasty. Members of the dynasty derived their title, Sayyid, or the descendants of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad, based on the claim that they belonged to his lineage through his daughter Fatima, and son-in-law and cousin Ali.
Contents
1 History
2 Kings
2.1 Khizr Khan
2.2 Mubarak Shah
2.3 Muhammad Shah
2.4 Ala-ud-din Alam Shah
3 See also
4 References
5 External links
History[edit]
Following the 1398 Sack of Delhi, Amir Timur appointed the Sayyids as the governors of Delhi. Their dynasty was established by Sayyid Khizr Khan, deputised by Timur to be the governor of Multan (Punjab). Khizr Khan captured Delhi on 28 May 1414 thereby establishing the Sayyid dynasty. Khizr Khan did not take up the title of Sultan and nominally, continued to be a Rayat-i-Ala (vassal) of the Timurids - initially that of Timur, and later his grandson Shah Rukh.[2]
Khizr Khan was succeeded by his son Sayyid Mubarak Shah after his death on 20 May 1421. Mubarak Shah referred to himself as Muizz-ud-Din Mubarak Shah on his coins. A detailed account of his reign is available in the Tarikh-i-Mubarak Shahi written by Yahya-bin-Ahmad Sirhindi. After the death of Mubarak Shah, his nephew, Muhammad Shah ascended the throne and styled himself as Sultan Muhammad Shah. Just before his death, he called his son Sayyid Ala-ud-Din Shah from Badaun, and nominated him as successor.
The last ruler of the Sayyids, Ala-ud-Din, voluntarily abdicated the throne of the Delhi Sultanate in favour of Bahlul Khan Lodi on 19 April 1451, and left for Badaun, where he died in 1478.[3]
Kings[edit]
Khizr Khan[edit]
Billon Tanka of Khizr Khan INO Firoz Shah Tughlaq
Khizr Khan was the governor of Multan under Firuz Shah Tughlaq. When Timur invaded India, Khizr Khan a sayyid from Multan joined him. Timur appointed him the governor of Multan and Lahore. He then conquered the city of Delhi and started the rule of the Sayyids in 1414. He was ruling in name of Timur. He could not assume an independent position in all respects. As a mark of recognition of the suzerainty of the Mongols, the name of the Mongol ruler (Shah Rukh) was recited in the khutba but as an interesting innovation, the name of Khizr Khan was also attached to it. But strangely enough the name of Mongol ruler was not inscribed on the coins and the name of old Tughlaq sultan continued on the currency. No coins are known in the name of Khizr Khan.[4]
Mubarak Shah[edit]
Double falus of Mubarak Shah
Mubarak Shah was the son of Khizr Khan. He came to the throne in 1421. He was a man of great vision, but the nobles were against him and kept revolting.
Muhammad Shah[edit]
Muhammad Shah was a nephew of Mubarak Shah. He ruled from 1434-1445. Muhammad Shah acceded to the throne with the help of Sarwar ul Mulk. After that Shah wanted to free himself from the domination of Sarwar ul Mulk with the help of his faithful vizeir Kamal ul Mulk. Some time later he suffered the invasion of Ibrahim Sharki, the sultan of Jonpur, into the eastern part of the Delhi Sultanate so he accepted help from the Afghani subedar, Bahalol Lodi.
Ala-ud-din Alam Shah[edit]
Billon Tanka of 80 rati of Alam Shah
Alam Shah was a weak ruler. In 1451 he surrendered Delhi to Bahlul Lodi and went to Budaun where he spent rest of his life.
See also[edit]
- List of Sunni Muslim dynasties
- Persianate states
- Saadat-e-Bara
- Sadaat-e-Bilgram
References[edit]
^ "Arabic and Persian Epigraphical Studies - Archaeological Survey of India". Asi.nic.in. Retrieved 2010-11-14..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em
^ Mahajan, V.D. (1991, reprint 2007). History of Medieval India, Part I, New Delhi: S. Chand,
ISBN 81-219-0364-5, p.237
^ Mahajan, V.D. (1991, reprint 2007). History of Medieval India, Part I, Now Delhi: S. Chand,
ISBN 81-219-0364-5, p.244
^ Nizami, K.A. (1970, reprint 2006) A Comprehensive History of India, Vol-V, Part-1, People Publishing House,
ISBN 81-7007-158-5, p.631
External links[edit]
- Encyclopædia Britannica - Sayyid Dynasty
- Coin Gallery - Sayyid Dynasty
Categories:
- Sayyid dynasty
- Delhi Sultanate
- 1414 establishments in Asia
- 15th-century establishments in India
- 1451 disestablishments in Asia
- 15th-century disestablishments in India
(window.RLQ=window.RLQ||).push(function()mw.config.set("wgPageParseReport":"limitreport":"cputime":"0.536","walltime":"0.699","ppvisitednodes":"value":3756,"limit":1000000,"ppgeneratednodes":"value":0,"limit":1500000,"postexpandincludesize":"value":54295,"limit":2097152,"templateargumentsize":"value":2915,"limit":2097152,"expansiondepth":"value":13,"limit":40,"expensivefunctioncount":"value":3,"limit":500,"unstrip-depth":"value":1,"limit":20,"unstrip-size":"value":8776,"limit":5000000,"entityaccesscount":"value":0,"limit":400,"timingprofile":["100.00% 611.361 1 -total"," 59.81% 365.674 1 Template:Infobox_Former_Country"," 53.54% 327.351 3 Template:Infobox"," 26.89% 164.406 1 Template:ISO_3166_code"," 21.46% 131.194 1 Template:Reflist"," 12.74% 77.857 1 Template:Cite_web"," 7.36% 45.017 1 Template:Use_dmy_dates"," 6.97% 42.595 3 Template:ISBN"," 6.44% 39.382 2 Template:Infobox_country/multirow"," 6.33% 38.708 1 Template:Delhi_Sultanate"],"scribunto":"limitreport-timeusage":"value":"0.289","limit":"10.000","limitreport-memusage":"value":3569885,"limit":52428800,"cachereport":"origin":"mw1275","timestamp":"20190108082322","ttl":1900800,"transientcontent":false);mw.config.set("wgBackendResponseTime":88,"wgHostname":"mw1270"););
