神秘主義
Multi tool use神秘主義（英语：Mysticism），也有較模糊的稱為密契主義，包涵人類與神明或某種超自然力量結合為一的各種形式、經驗、體驗，並且強調這是一切宗教共有的現象。神秘主义者的基本信条是世界上存在超自然的力量或隐藏的自然力量，这种力量可以通过特殊教育或者宗教仪式获得。神祕主義的兩大特徵：
- 形而上力量或日常生活不可遇的神奇事件，是存在的。
- 這種力量或事件可透過某種人為方式讓人親身體驗。
宗教神秘主義
神秘主義可劃分為兩大類型，一是「有神論的神秘主義」，指人與神的合一，另一類是「一元論的神秘主義」，指「與一普遍之理契合」。神秘主義的不同形式可見於所有主要宗教，亦可見於世俗經驗。[1]
世界各宗教神秘主義
| 主宗教 | 派別 | 基本概念 | 資料來源
|
|---|
| 佛教 |
東密、藏密、禪宗、禪
| 達至涅盤、悟道：與究竟實相連結 |
[2][3] |
| 基督教 |
公教靈修、靜修、貴格會、馬丁主義、諾斯底主義、玫瑰十字會、基督教神秘主義、密傳基督教
| 看見異象、神的爱、與神為一（成神論） |
[4][5][6] |
| 共濟會 | - | 啟迪（Enlightenment） | [7] |
| 印度教 |
吠檀多、瑜伽、宗教虔诚、克什米尔希瓦宗
| 脫離業力、無分別境界（Kaivalya）、體驗終極實相（禪定）、先驗知識（霎哈嘉及自性） | [8] |
| 伊斯蘭教 |
蘇菲派、伊尔凡（知道，意识到） | 先驗知識、與神為一（Fana (Sufism)） | [9] |
| 耆那教 | 解脫 | 脫離業力
| [10] |
| 猶太教 |
卡巴拉、哈西迪
| 脫離自我（Ein Sof） | [11] |
| 玫瑰十字會 | - | - | [12] |
| 錫克教 | - | 脫離業力
|
[13][14] |
| 道教 |
天師道、上清派、靈寶派
| 道 |
|
| 儒教 |
经学、宋明理学
| 天人合一 | [15] |
参考文献
^ 藝術與建築索引典—神秘主義 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2011-11-06.於2011年3月14日查閱
^ D.T. Suzuki. Mysticism: Christian and Buddhist. Routledge, 2002. ISBN 978-0415285865
^ Shunryu Suzuki. Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind. Shambhala. New edition 2011.
^ Louth, Andrew., The Origins of the Christian Mystical Tradition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007. ISBN 978-0-19-929140-3.
^ King, Ursula. Christian Mystics: Their Lives and Legacies Throughout the Ages. London: Routledge 2004.
^ Fanning, Steven., Mystics of the Christian Tradition. New York: Routledge Press, 2001.
^ Michael R. Poll. Masonic Enlightenment - The Philosophy, History And Wisdom Of Freemasonry. Michael Poll Publishing, 2006.
^ S. N. Dasgupta. Hindu Mysticism. BiblioBazaar, 2009. ISBN 978-0-559-06989-5
^ Reynold A. Nicholson. Studies in Islamic Mysticism. Routledge. New edition 2001. ISBN 978-0-7007-0278-7
^ T.K. Tukol. Yoga, Meditation & Mysticism in Jainism (Shri Raj Krishen Jain memorial lectures). Shri Raj Krishen Jain Charitable Trust, 1978.
^ Elior, Rachel, Jewish Mysticism: The Infinite Expression of Freedom, Oxford. Portland, Oregon: The Littman Library of Jewish Civilization, 2007.
^ A.E. Waite. Rosicrucian Rites and Ceremonies of the Fellowship of the Rosy Cross by Founder of the Holy Order of the Golden Dawn. Ishtar, 2008. ISBN 978-0-9783883-4-8
^ Mohan Singh Uberoi. Sikh Mysticism. 1964.
^ Krishna Chattopadhyay. The world of mystics: A comparative study of Baul, Sufi and Sikh mysticism. R.K. Prakashan, 1993.
^ Harold D Roth. Original Tao: Inward Training (Nei-yeh) and the Foundations of Taoist Mysticism. Columbia University Press. New Edition, 2004. ISBN 978-0-231-11565-0
参见
aOrMZFfSLbGKRhCsrXXzsNl,K3Qfy2aeyZWZP,IBzzDLDE 5vIaU4z
Popular posts from this blog
Ramiro Burr's New Blog - to go back: www.ramiroburr.com From Latin rock to reggaeton, boleros to blues,Tex-Mex to Tejano, conjunto to corridos and beyond, Ramiro Burr has it covered. If you have a new CD release, a trivia question or are looking for tour info, post a message here or e-mail Ramiro directly at: musicreporter@gmail.com Top Tejano songwriter Luis Silva dead of heart attack at 64 By Ramiro Burr on October 23, 2008 8:40 AM | Permalink | Comments (12) | TrackBacks (0) UPDATE: Luis Silva Funeral Service details released Visitation 4-9 p.m. Saturday, Rosary service 6 p.m. Saturday at Porter Loring, 1101 McCullough Ave Funeral Service 10:30 a.m. Monday St. Anthony De Padua Catholic Church, Burial Service at Chapel Hills, 7735 Gibbs Sprawl Road. Porter Loring (210) 227-8221 Related New Flash: Irma Laura Lopez: long time record promoter killed in accident NewsFlash: 9:02 a.m. (New comments below) Luis Silva , one of the most well-known ...
1 I having trouble getting my ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries to load from app.xaml. My WPF app has a static class with a Main defined and startup object set to it. Within Main I created an instance of App and run it. The override OnStartup fires and the mainwindow.cs InitializeComponent gives the error "Message "Cannot find resource named 'MaterialDesignFloatingActionMiniAccentButton'. If I put the resources in the mainwindow.xaml everything is fine, but I wanted them to load at the app level so I they are not in each page. Any help appreciated. public partial class App protected override void OnStartup(StartupEventArgs e) base.OnStartup(e); var app = new MainWindow(); var context = new MainWindowViewModel(); app.DataContext = context; app.Show(); from the Main.. var app = new App(); app.Run(); app.xaml.. <Application x:Class="GS.Server.App" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:...
up vote 2 down vote favorite There is a clear pattern that show for two separate subsets (set of columns); If one value is missing in a column, values of other columns in the same subset are missing for any row. Here is a visualization of missing data My tries up until now, I used ycimpute library to learn from other values, and applied Iterforest. I noted, score of Logistic regression is so weak (0.6) and thought Iterforest might not learn enough or anyway, except from outer subset which might not be enough? for example the subset with 11 columns might learn from the other columns but not from within it's members, and the same goes for the subset with four columns. This bar plot show better quantity of missings So of course, dealing with missings is better than dropping rows because It would affect my prediction which does contain the same missings quantity relatively. Any better way to deal with these ? [EDIT] The nullity pattern is confirmed: machine-learning cor...
