野生动物





鹿是常见的野生动物种类


野生动物泛指各种生活在自然状态下，未经人类驯化的动物。


自然界裡，野生动物会用排泄物來標識其領土，宣示主權的習慣。




目录





  • 1 概况


  • 2 野生动物保护


  • 3 中国的野生动物


  • 4 参考资料


  • 5 外部链接




概况


野生动物，故名思意，为野外生长繁殖的动物，一般而言，具有以下特征：


  1. 野外独立生存，即不依靠外部因素如人类力量存活

  2. 具有种群及排他性


野生动物保护


随着人类的不断发展，野生动物的栖息地受到威胁，很多种类的野生动物已经灭绝或濒临灭绝。多国政府都有保护野生动物的专门法律。在亚洲不少国家，对于野生动物在食用和药用方面的旺盛需求也在威胁着野生动物。一些传说中的“特殊功效”被夸大，导致野生动物大量遭到猎杀。这类动物的制品有：海马、鱼翅、虎骨、燕窝、冬虫夏草等等。


2016年，由世界自然基金会与倫敦動物學學會（英语：Zoological Society of London）联合撰写的一份报告指出，自1970年以来全世界野生动物数量由于人类活动而减少了近60%。野生动物大量减少的直接原因是人类发展。世界人口在1960年至2016年之間增长超過一倍，導致其他动物的栖息地和食物减少。[1]



中国的野生动物


中国是野生动物种类最为丰富的国家之一，脊椎动物种类约占世界种数的10%以上，其中哺乳类500种，鸟类1258种，爬行类412种，两栖类295种，鱼类3862种。其中许多为中国特有的珍稀物种，如大熊猫、金丝猴、朱鹮、褐马鸡、扬子鳄等。[2]



参考资料




  1. ^ 报告：野生动物自1970年减少近60%. 美國之音. 2016-10-27. 


  2. ^ 中国国家林业局——中国野生动物资源[永久失效連結]



外部链接


  • 中国野生动物保护协会网站


规范控制

  • GND: 4135893-4

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