標準軌由最先使用鐵路的英国提出。設計及建造斯托克顿－达灵顿铁路（英语：Stockton and Darlington Railway）的英国工程師喬治·史蒂芬生提出4呎8½吋的軌距，並成功說服火車製造商生產4呎8½吋軌距的機車及車輛。由於史蒂芬生成功設計的鐵路是眾人模仿的對象，亦使這軌距變得流行。[1]1845年英國皇家專員建議用4呎8½吋作為標準軌距。1846年英國國會通過法案，要求將來所有的鐵路都使用標準軌。除了英國的大西部鐵路（Great Western Railway）是使用寬軌之外，英國的主要鐵路都是標準軌。大西部鐵路亦於1892年改成標準軌。
^Science Museum Group. Sectioned conjectural model of 'Rocket' steam locomotive. 1909-3. Science Museum Group Collection Online. Accessed September 13, 2017. https://collection.sciencemuseum.org.uk/objects/co26970.
Pomeranz, Kenneth; Topik, Steven. The World that Trade Created: Society, Culture, and World Economy, 1400 to the Present. Armonk, New York: M.E. Sharpe. 1999. ISBN 0-7656-0250-4.
Puffert, Douglas J. Tracks across Continents, Paths through History: The Economic Dynamics of Standardization in Railway Gauge. University of Chicago Press. 2009. ISBN 978-0-226-68509-0.
外部連接
The Sydney Morning Herald. The Sydney Morning Herald. 23 May 1892: 4 [14 August 2011] –通过National Library of Australia., a discussion of gauge in Australia circa 1892
A learned text of standardisation of gauge
Standard Railway Gauge. Townsville Bulletin. 5 October 1937: 12 [19 March 2014] –通过National Library of Australia., a discussion of the Roman gauge origin theory.
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1 I having trouble getting my ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries to load from app.xaml. My WPF app has a static class with a Main defined and startup object set to it. Within Main I created an instance of App and run it. The override OnStartup fires and the mainwindow.cs InitializeComponent gives the error "Message "Cannot find resource named 'MaterialDesignFloatingActionMiniAccentButton'. If I put the resources in the mainwindow.xaml everything is fine, but I wanted them to load at the app level so I they are not in each page. Any help appreciated. public partial class App protected override void OnStartup(StartupEventArgs e) base.OnStartup(e); var app = new MainWindow(); var context = new MainWindowViewModel(); app.DataContext = context; app.Show(); from the Main.. var app = new App(); app.Run(); app.xaml.. <Application x:Class="GS.Server.App" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:...
up vote 2 down vote favorite There is a clear pattern that show for two separate subsets (set of columns); If one value is missing in a column, values of other columns in the same subset are missing for any row. Here is a visualization of missing data My tries up until now, I used ycimpute library to learn from other values, and applied Iterforest. I noted, score of Logistic regression is so weak (0.6) and thought Iterforest might not learn enough or anyway, except from outer subset which might not be enough? for example the subset with 11 columns might learn from the other columns but not from within it's members, and the same goes for the subset with four columns. This bar plot show better quantity of missings So of course, dealing with missings is better than dropping rows because It would affect my prediction which does contain the same missings quantity relatively. Any better way to deal with these ? [EDIT] The nullity pattern is confirmed: machine-learning cor...
