二聚體

Multi tool use
羧酸是能夠形成二聚體的簡單例子,當中兩個分子以氫鍵連結
二聚体(Dimer)或稱双体、二聚物在不同領域中有不同意義,但基本涵義都表示相同或同一種類的物質,以成雙的型態出現,可能具有單一狀態時沒有的性質或功能。
化學上,凡是两个分子结合成一个新的物质,无论是物理作用还是化学变化,都可以将生成的物质称为二聚体。常见的例子包括二聚氯化亚铜、二聚氯化铝、二乙烯酮、气态的二聚羧酸、二聚环戊二烯、二聚环丁二烯等等,它可以是聚合物中的一種特例。蔗糖由葡萄糖和果糖单元縮合而成,則蔗糖雖為一個分子,仍歸屬為一種二聚体。
生物化学中的二聚体
主条目:蛋白二聚体
生物化學和分子生物學中所探討的雙體通常是如同蛋白質、核酸等可觀察的高分子,在形成的過程中,若兩個亚基相同稱為同源二聚体(homo-),若是不完全相同的單體組合而成,則稱為异源二聚体(hetero-)。生化所探討的雙體若以共價鍵方式連結,則通常使用雙硫鍵連結單體,而絕大多數卻不是以共價鍵的方式組合而成,例如核糖體。
外部連結
參見
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