腸套疊

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腸套疊是指一段腸道套入另一段腸道的一種症狀,形成像直筒式望遠鏡收納時一般的摺疊狀[1]。雖然任何部分的腸道都有可能發生腸套疊,但是其中以迴腸與結腸交會處是最常發生腸套疊的位置。絕大部分的腸套疊是近端(proximal,即較靠近嘴的一端)的腸道套入遠端的腸道(distal,即離嘴較遠的一端),這是因為腸道的蠕動(Peristalsis)會將近端腸道拉往遠端腸道,因此近端腸道被遠端腸道套疊的情況較為常見,不過相反的遠端腸道套疊入近端腸道偶爾也會發生。腸套疊發生在人類上的病例主要集中於二到36個月的嬰兒上,而男嬰的發生機率較女嬰大兩倍,即三比一的機率[2]。腸套疊在成人上較為少見,大約1%的腸胃阻塞是由腸套疊所造成,而且通常與息肉或是癌症一起發生[3]。
症狀
初期症狀包括嘔吐(83%)、陣發性的痙攣腹痛、雙腿屈曲至胸部等症狀。後期症狀有血便(75%),以紅色果醬樣大便較常見,以及疲倦感。在生理檢驗時,在腹部可以觸摸感覺到香腸狀的硬塊(50%)[4]。尚未學會說話的嬰兒會以哭鬧、雙腿屈曲等方式表示。
參考資料
^ Gylys, Barbara A. and Mary Ellen Wedding. Medical Terminology Systems. F.A. Davis Company. 2005.
^ Lonnie King, M.D., FACEP. Pediatrics: Intussusception. 2006 [2006-06-05].
^ Gayer G, Zissin R, Apter S, Papa M, Hertz M. Pictorial review: adult intussusception--a CT diagnosis.. Br J Radiol. 2002, 75 (890): 185–90. PMID 11893645. Free Full Text.
^ 台北榮總小兒部 賴縵光醫師. 漫談腸套疊. [2007年9月17日].
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