圍欄

Multi tool use圍欄,又叫籬笆、柵欄、護欄,於中國北方則多稱杖子。為用來保護院子、田園及園藝的一種設施,一般都是由棍子、竹子、蘆葦、灌木、石頭構成,依種類不同上有其他材料(如:金屬柵欄、塑料柵欄)。其是一種獨立的建築構造,用來限制或是防止一個特定範圍內的活動,常用於家畜、家禽的飼養、阻止入侵者,也可作為裝飾。常見於中國北方農村或戰亂頻繁之地。圍欄與圍牆不同,圍牆除了限制一個範圍內的活動之外,也可以限制圍牆兩側的視野。
圍欄的材料有許多選擇,在拉丁美洲可見到以仙人掌構成的圍欄。19世紀後,常使用鐵絲綁在豎立的木、水泥等立柱上,建成圍欄。刺鋼絲的圍欄發明於1860年代,1874年製作刺鋼絲的機器發明之後,這類鋼絲也被應用於圍欄上,後來再加上通電的設計,應用於動物的圈養上,當動物接近圍欄時,會被輕微電擊。
參考資料
- 丹青圖書出版社,大不列顛百科全書,第15冊,187頁。
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