N-甲基-D-天門冬胺酸受體
Multi tool use
一個NMDA受體的示意圖。麩胺酸鹽會與麩胺酸鹽結合位結合，而甘胺酸會與甘胺酸結合位結合。而會造成抑制受體活性的異位並沒有被佔據。NMDA受體需要有兩分子麩胺酸鹽或天門冬胺酸，與兩分子甘胺酸進行結合
[1]。
N-甲基-D-天門冬胺酸受體（英语：N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor，簡稱NMDA受體或NMDAR）為麩胺酸鹽受體，是一個主要的分子裝置，控制突觸的可塑性與記憶功能[2]。
NMDA受體是一種離子型麩胺酸鹽受體的特別型態。NMDA（N-甲基-D-天門冬胺酸）是一種選擇性致效劑，可以與NMDA受體結合，但是無法和其他麩胺酸鹽受體結合。NMDA受體的結合，會導致離子通道非選擇性地開啟，使陽離子通過，進而使平衡電位改變至接近0毫伏特。NMDA受體進行活化，必須依賴電壓，這會導致離子通道會阻擋細胞外的Mg2+與Zn2+離子通過，並允許Na+離子與少量Ca2+離子流入細胞，以及使K+離子流出細胞，並保持電壓的依賴性[3][4][5][6]。
參見
參考文獻
^ Laube B, Hirai H, Sturgess M, Betz H, Kuhse J. Molecular determinants of agonist discrimination by NMDA receptor subunits: analysis of the glutamate binding site on the NR2B subunit. Neuron. 1997, 18 (3): 493–503. PMID 9115742. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)81249-0.
^ Li F, Tsien JZ. Memory and the NMDA receptors. N. Engl. J. Med. 2009, 361 (3): 302–3. PMC 3703758. PMID 19605837. doi:10.1056/NEJMcibr0902052.
^ Dingledine R, Borges K, Bowie D, Traynelis SF. The glutamate receptor ion channels. Pharmacol. Rev. March 1999, 51 (1): 7–61. PMID 10049997.
^ Liu Y, Zhang J. Recent development in NMDA receptors. Chin. Med. J. October 2000, 113 (10): 948–56. PMID 11775847. （原始内容存档于2014-04-27）.
^ Cull-Candy S, Brickley S, Farrant M. NMDA receptor subunits: diversity, development and disease. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. June 2001, 11 (3): 327–35. PMID 11399431. doi:10.1016/S0959-4388(00)00215-4.
^ Paoletti P, Neyton J. NMDA receptor subunits: function and pharmacology. Curr Opin Pharmacol. February 2007, 7 (1): 39–47. PMID 17088105. doi:10.1016/j.coph.2006.08.011.
离子通道，细胞表面受体：配体门控离子通道
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| | 半胱氨酸环受体 |
5-HT/血清素 | |
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| GABA受体 |
GABAA- α1
- α2
- α3
- α4
- α5
- α6
- β1
- β2
- β3
- γ1
- γ2
- γ3
- δ
- ε
- π
- θ
GABAA-ρ
|
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| 甘氨酸受体 | |
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| 烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体 | - 单体：α1
- α2
- α3
- α4
- α5
- α6
- α7
- α9
- α10
- β1
- β2
- β3
- β4
- δ
- ε
- 五聚体：(α3)2(β4)3
- (α4)2(β2)3
- (α7)5
- (α1)2(β4)3 - Ganglion type
- (α1)2β1δε - Muscle type
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| 锌激活 | |
|---|
|
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|
谷氨酸 门控离子型受体
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ATP门控 |
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信号转导索引
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| | 描述 |
胞外
細胞表面受體
- 配体门控离子通道
- 酶联受體
- G蛋白偶聯受體
- 免疫球蛋白超家族
- 整合素
- 神經肽受體
- 生長因子受體
- 细胞因子受體
胞內
- 鈣信號
- 脂質系號
- 路徑
- hedgehog
- Wnt
- TGF-β
- MAPK ERK
- notch
- JAK-STAT
- 細胞凋亡
- hippo
- TLR
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