中宮
Multi tool use中宮，只見於古代中國及部分東亞地區，指的是紫微垣[1]或天極星[2]，「洛書軌跡」等風水或陰陽學，稱土為中宮[3]，或九宮、洛書九星中間為中宮，秦漢以後王后演變成皇后，則稱皇后居住的宮室，或稱皇后本身。原來王后的宮室「後宮」，反而不在中宮之列。
辭源
君主時代在建設宮城時，大多將皇后的宮室建於子午線上，位於後宮的中心，因而稱之中宮。
中國
中宮，或稱皇后[4][5]，也象徵皇后居住的宮殿[6]
，如漢朝長樂宮中的長秋宮、紫禁城坤寧宮等等，而坤寧宮雖自雍正以後不再作為皇后寢宮，但仍是實質意義上的中宮。
日本
日本的中宮，最早是皇后、皇太后、太皇太后的總稱。自村上天皇立女御藤原安子為皇后起，中宮成為皇后別稱。一條天皇時，權臣藤原道長迫使一條天皇冊立兩位皇后，並為此將中宮作為獨立、等同於皇后的正式封號，從此天皇能同時擁有兩正配，造成一帝二后的平妻現象。此後諸多天皇在冊立皇后時，多先立為中宮，日後再立第二位正配時，便將先前的中宮改號為名義上較高的皇后，新立的第二位正配則是中宮。
自平安時代前期開始，中務省轄下有所謂中宮職，是專職服侍與負責與中宮相關的事物。在上下任天皇交替時，若前代天皇中宮仍享有中宮職的承職，則新任天皇皇后只能稱皇后。二戰以後，日本皇室實行一夫一妻制，中宮一號遂廢。最後一位中宮是光格天皇的中宮欣子內親王。
朝鮮王朝
朝鮮王朝是中國的朝貢國，其君主只能稱地位較次的國王而非皇帝，因此國王的正室於生前亦不得稱皇后，稱較次的王妃，死後方能追諡為王后。
王妃在口語上的稱謂是中殿、坤殿或中宮，其宮室交泰殿亦稱做中宮殿。國王換代後，升為王大妃或大王大妃的王妃，口語上的稱謂則是上殿、慈殿。宮中僕役、臣民和嬪御稱王妃為中殿娘娘（韓語：중전마마），마마是敬語，音譯「媽媽」，也通用於尊稱男性，相當於漢語的「娘娘」、「爺」。
注釋
^ 《宋史》卷四十九 志第二 天文二；《步天歌》
^ 《史記．卷二七．天官書》：「中宮天極星，其一明者，太一常居也。」
^ 《白虎通德論·五行》
^ 《新唐書．卷一一二．馮元常傳》：「嘗密諫中宮權重，宜少抑，帝雖置其計，而內然之，由是為武后所惡。」
^ 《封神演義》: 中宮元配皇后姜氏，西宮妃黃氏，馨慶宮妃楊氏。
^ 《漢書．卷一一．哀帝紀》：「春秋母以子貴，尊定陶太后曰恭皇太后，丁姬曰恭皇后，各置左右詹事，食邑如長信宮、中宮。」
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