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Combined Support for Wholesale Taxic Atavism in Gavialine Crocodylians

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Combined Support for Wholesale Taxic Atavism in Gavialine Crocodylians











John Gatesy




1Department of Biology, University of CaliforniaRiverside, California 92521, USA E-mail: johnga@citrus.ucr.edu







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John Gatesy








George Amato




2Wildlife Conservation Society2300 Southern Boulevard, Bronx Park, New York 10460, USA







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George Amato








Mark Norell




3Department of Vertebrate Paleontology, American Museum of Natural HistoryCentral Park West at 79th Street, New York, New York 10024, USA







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Mark Norell








Rob DeSalle




4Department of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural HistoryCentral Park West at 79th Street, New York, New York 10024, USA







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Rob DeSalle








Cheryl Hayashi




1Department of Biology, University of CaliforniaRiverside, California 92521, USA E-mail: johnga@citrus.ucr.edu







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Cheryl Hayashi








Systematic Biology, Volume 52, Issue 3, 1 June 2003, Pages 403–422, https://doi.org/10.1080/10635150390197037




Published:

01 June 2003




Article history





Received:

07 September 2002



Revision Received:

25 November 2002



Accepted:

09 February 2003



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Abstract


Morphological and molecular data sets favor robustly supported, contradictory interpretations of crocodylian phylogeny. A longstanding perception in the field of systematics is that such significantly conflicting data sets should be analyzed separately. Here we utilize a combined approach, simultaneous analyses of all relevant character data, to summarize common support and to reconcile discrepancies among data sets. By conjoining rather than separating incongruent classes of data, secondary phylogenetic signals emerge from both molecular and morphological character sets and provide solid evidence for a unified hypothesis of crocodylian phylogeny. Simultaneous analyses of four gene sequences and paleontological data suggest that putative adaptive convergences in the jaws of gavialines (gavials) and tomistomines (false gavials) offer character support for a grouping of these taxa, making Gavialinae an atavistic taxon. Simple new methods for measuring the influence of extinct taxa on topological support indicate that in this vertebrate order fossils generally stabilize relationships and accentuate hidden phylogenetic signals. Remaining inconsistencies in minimum length trees, including concentrated hierarchical patterns of homoplasy and extensive gaps in the fossil record, indicate where future work in crocodylian systematics should be directed.



Aves, combined evidence, Crocodylia, fossil, gavial, phylogeny




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Associate Editor:






Allan Baker


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Allan Baker











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