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Ex-Nasa employee explains what's REALLY behind popular alien conspiracy theories

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UFO sightings debunked: Former Nasa employee explains what's REALLY behind popular alien conspiracy theories


  • James Oberg was interested in why people react so strongly to UFOs

  • He says our sensory system is built to only understand Earth functions

  • Phenomenon like 'space dandruff' and shooting blue lights explained 





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Reports of UFO sightings have been circling the internet for years, with accounts ranging from floating blue lights to strange clouds that look like spaceships.


However, one former Nasa employee has taken it upon himself to explain what is really going on. 


An article posted on Atlas Obscura, explains some of James Oberg's rationales behind the sightings, after he spent decades looking through footage of supposed UFO sightings.


Scroll down for video 



UFO hunters often jump on the back of strange sightings, such as this black 'cube' which appeared in a photograph of the sun taken by Nasa   




UFO hunters often jump on the back of strange sightings, such as this black 'cube' which appeared in a photograph of the sun taken by Nasa   

UFO hunters often jump on the back of strange sightings, such as this black 'cube' which appeared in a photograph of the sun taken by Nasa   



Mr Oberg worked at Nasa in the late 1990s, before becoming a space journalist and historian.  



Unlike other UFO debunkers, he is less interested in dismissing theories, and more interested in working out exactly why people react so strongly to outer space images and footage.






James Oberg worked at Nasa in the late 1990s, before becoming a space journalist and historian




James Oberg worked at Nasa in the late 1990s, before becoming a space journalist and historian

James Oberg worked at Nasa in the late 1990s, before becoming a space journalist and historian



To do this, he has spent decades trawling through supposed UFO sightings, reading eyewitness testimony and cross-referencing it with mission logs. 


Speaking to Atlas Obscura, Mr Oberg said: 'Our sensory system is functioning absolutely perfectly for Earth conditions. But we're still a local civilization. Moving beyond our neighborhood has been visually confusing.'


Mr Oberg thinks that human senses are designed to understand slow-moving objects, certain light conditions and an atmosphere. 


When those conditions change, we are thrown off guard and react strongly. 


Space 'dandruff' around a shuttle


In 1996, the Nasa STS-75 shuttle blasted off on a 15 day mission, the aim of which was to carry a tether with a satellite at the end which could conduct electricity.


Unfortunately, the tether broke, leading to the loss of the satellite. 


However, the strangest sequence was a cloud of ice crystals floating ahead of and around the tether, almost like dandruff, that many believed were UFOs. 



The strangest sequence was a cloud of ice crystals floating ahead of and around the shuttle, almost like dandruff, that many believed were UFOs




The strangest sequence was a cloud of ice crystals floating ahead of and around the shuttle, almost like dandruff, that many believed were UFOs

The strangest sequence was a cloud of ice crystals floating ahead of and around the shuttle, almost like dandruff, that many believed were UFOs



Writing on his website, Mr Oberg explains: 'The first principle of space travel is that objects coming off a vehicle tend to fly along with it. 


'They appear to move in straight lines unless they encounter some force, such as the atmosphere or an exhaust plume from a rocket thruster.' 



WHAT IS 'SPACE DANDRUFF'? 

Footage shows that sometimes, mysterious white spots will pop up and 'dance' in front of the camera.


The particular dots can't be precisely identified but they are almost certainly ice crystals, fragments of insulation, or other bits and pieces that have peeled off the shuttle itself and are now floating alongside it.


Mr Oberg explains: 'The first principle of space travel is that objects coming off a vehicle tend to fly along with it.'


He goes on to explain that ice is often a common culprit. He added: 'Some vehicles discard waste heat by evaporating water against coolant panels, resulting in blizzards of ice crystals.'


The particular dots cannot be precisely identified but they are almost certainly ice crystals or other fragments that have peeled off the shuttle itself and are now floating alongside it.


Beams of blue light



In November 2015, people in California spotted a strange object shooting across the sky, drawing mass attention.


The object then appeared to erupt, growing what looked like a huge, bright tail of blue flame. 


The sight sent the whole state into a frenzy, with stars like the Kardashians even Tweeting about the sighting. 



 In November 2015, people in California spotted a strange object shooting across the sky, drawing mass attention. The object then appeared to erupt, growing what looked like a huge, bright tail of blue flame




 In November 2015, people in California spotted a strange object shooting across the sky, drawing mass attention. The object then appeared to erupt, growing what looked like a huge, bright tail of blue flame

 In November 2015, people in California spotted a strange object shooting across the sky, drawing mass attention. The object then appeared to erupt, growing what looked like a huge, bright tail of blue flame




While we are used to seeing faint white lines in the sky left my airplanes, rocket plumes look and act much differently




While we are used to seeing faint white lines in the sky left my airplanes, rocket plumes look and act much differently

While we are used to seeing faint white lines in the sky left my airplanes, rocket plumes look and act much differently



However, Mr Oberg explained that the huge blue tail was actually a plume - a swarm of particles emitted by a rocket thruster as it shoots through space.


While we are used to seeing faint white lines in the sky left my airplanes, rocket plumes look and act much differently.


Because they do not rely on air, they spread out into wide-angled cones. Some of the particles even bounce off the rocket itself, and end up in front of or alongside it, expanding the plume further.


Most importantly, if the rocket is high enough above us, it might be in full sunlight, even if we are still in the dark.



















This effect is most pronounced at twilight. From Earth the object looks like it is shooting fire, but it is really just a plume, being backlit by the sun.


This particular plume was from a Navy test missile. Other sightings have been in Russia, Australia, and the Canary Islands, and have had similar responses.


Mr Oberg said: 'There were thousands of people who were absolutely processing their visual stimuli correctly if [the plume] was a mile away or ten miles away.'


'But it was 300 miles away, up in space and sunlit, which never occurred to them, because this is not something within the normal range of human experience.'


Twilight shadowing  


In 1996, the Space Shuttle Columbia was sent on a mission carrying two orbit satellites around Earth. 


Footage from the mission showed a very strange array of flashing lights appear in a circle formation. This can be seen at around 5 minutes in the video.


Mr Oberg explains that the objects aren't actually jumping through a wormhole, or rising suddenly over the horizon, they're just moving in and out of the shuttle's shadow.



Footage from the mission showed a very strange array of flashing lights appear in a circle formation




Footage from the mission showed a very strange array of flashing lights appear in a circle formation

Footage from the mission showed a very strange array of flashing lights appear in a circle formation




He said: 'They tend to occur at a very special time every orbit, when the shuttle has just come up out of the Earth's shadow and is now bathed in sunlight.'


'The camera is pointed back toward the receding horizon, and stuff suddenly appears, like it's coming up from behind the horizon, or behind a cloud.'    


On Earth, when an object blocks sunlight from reaching something, it casts a shadow on its surface.


Since space lacks such a surface, the Shuttle's shadow is invisible until, suddenly, it swallows up some dandruff - debris or ice - and then spits it back out. 


Mr Oberg calls this 'twilight shadowing.' 


He added: 'You can see things floating out of it and floating into sunlight. They look like stuff that's coming up from beneath the clouds, or from beyond the edge of the Earth.'


The phenomenon of UFOs and how the public react to them, is endlessly fascinating to Mr Oberg. 


He added: 'Everyone on YouTube just calls each other morons or sheep. But really it's just that out there, your visual assumptions are no longer valid.' 



 


 





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