忠









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Disambig gray.svg  關於东汉时代的疏勒王，請見“忠 (疏勒王)”。

忠，《说文解字》解释为：“敬也。从心，中声。”《玉篇》解释为：“直也。”《增韵》解释为：“内尽其心，而不欺也。”《疏》：“中心曰忠。中下从心，謂言出于心，皆有忠實也。”《六書精蘊》解释为：“竭誠也。”《傳》：“事上竭誠也。”


“忠”后来成为儒家思想的核心之一，原指为人诚恳厚道、尽心尽力，尽力做好本分的事。有忠诚无私、忠于他人、忠于国家及君主等多种含义。如“志虑忠纯”，“君使臣以礼，臣事君以忠”，“尽心于人曰忠，不欺于己曰信”。随着中国君主極權的形成和加强，“忠”成为特指臣民服从于君主及国家的行为规范和准则。宋代以后，“忠”在一定程度上发展到成为臣民绝对服从于君主的一种片面的道德义务。



參考


  • 佐藤將之：〈國家社稷存亡之道德：春秋、戰國早期「忠」和「忠信」概念之意義〉。

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