Natural marriage
Natural marriage
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Natural marriage is the name given in Catholic canon law to the covenant "by which a man and a woman establish between themselves a partnership of the whole of life and which is ordered by its nature to the good of the spouses and the procreation and education of offspring", and is distinguished from a sacramental or Christian marriage, in which the two parties involved are baptized.[1][2][3][3][4]
Contents
1 Valid baptism a condition for Christian marriage
2 Transformation into sacramental marriage
3 Conditions for natural marriage
4 Natural marriage and divorce
5 References
Valid baptism a condition for Christian marriage[edit]
Since only the baptized can receive the other sacraments, the marriage of someone who has accepted Christian beliefs but has not been baptized is non-sacramental. Similarly, the marriage of a person whose baptism the Catholic Church judges to be invalid is a non-sacramental natural marriage. Examples of such baptisms considered invalid are those of the Mormons and the Jehovah's Witnesses.[5]
A marriage of two baptized Protestants, even if the church or churches they belong to and they themselves deny that marriage is a sacrament, and even if they contract marriage only civilly and not in church (they are not bound to observe the form that is obligatory for Catholics),[6] is a sacramental marriage, not a merely natural marriage.[7]
Transformation into sacramental marriage[edit]
The marriage that a non-baptized person, of whatever religion or belief, contracts, even with a baptized person, is a non-sacramental natural marriage. However, if the non-baptized person or persons are later baptized, the existing marriage automatically becomes sacramental and no longer merely natural.[8]
Conditions for natural marriage[edit]
If a Catholic marries a non-Catholic, the marriage is subject to Catholic canon law on impediments to marriage. If no Catholic is involved, the only impediments that apply are those affecting the very definition of marriage (such as if consent, diversity of sex, ability to consummate the marriage are lacking, or in the presence of an already existing marriage bond) and those that are considered part of natural law (such as a father-daughter relationship).[6][9][10][11]
Any marriage that is non-monogamous (polygamy),[12] non-heterosexual (same-sex marriage),[12] or involves males under 16 years old, females under 14 years old[13] (see marriageable age) or non-humans (zoophilia)[12] is an invalid marriage according to natural law.
Natural marriage and divorce[edit]
"The Catholic Church does not recognize or endorse civil divorce of a natural marriage as of a sacramental marriage".[14] However, a natural marriage, even if consummated, can be dissolved by the Church when to do so favours the maintenance of the faith on the part of a Christian, cases of what has been called Pauline privilege and Petrine privilege. In these cases, which require intervention by the Holy See, the Church admits real divorce, actual dissolution of a valid marriage, as distinct from the granting by merely human power of a divorce that, according to Catholic theology, does not really dissolve the marriage bond.
References[edit]
^ Code of Canon Law, canon 1055
^ Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches, canon 776
^ ab Adolfo N. Decanáy, Canon Law on Marriage (Ateneo University Press 2000 .mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output .citation qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-maintdisplay:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em
ISBN 978-97-1921710-7), p. 2
^ Catholic Marriage and annulments
^ Churches with Valid, Doubtful and Invalid Baptisms
^ ab Code of Canon Law, canon 11
^ Decanáy (2000), p. 4
^ Can. 1055 §2, 1983 Code of Canon Law
^ Eileen F. Stuart, Dissolution and Annulment of Marriage by the Catholic Church (Federation Press 1994
ISBN 978-1-86287136-6), p. 148
^ Joseph Domfeh-Boateng, The Catholic Church: Easy Answers to Frequently Asked Questions (Xlibris Corporation 2014
ISBN 978-1-49317435-5), p. 131[self-published source]
^ Dacanáy (2000), p. 20
^ abc Can. 1055 §1, 1983 Code of Canon Law
^ Can. 1083 §1, 1983 Code of Canon Law
^ Sebastian S. Karambai, Ministers and Ministries in the Local Church (St Pauls BYB 2005
ISBN 978-81-7109725-8), p. 411, footnote 38
Categories:
- Catholic theology and doctrine
- Marriage in Christianity
- Matrimonial canon law
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