Brčko
Brčko
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Brčko Брчко | |
|---|---|
Town and municipality | |
 Brčko | |
  Brčko Location within Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
| Coordinates: 44°52′N 18°49′E / 44.87°N 18.81°E / 44.87; 18.81 | |
| Country |  Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| District | Brčko District |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Siniša Milić (SNSD) |
| • President of the District Assembly | Esed Kadrić (SDA) |
| • International Supervisor (Suspended) | Bruce G. Berton |
| Area | |
| • Town and municipality | 402 km2 (155 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 92 m (302 ft) |
| Population (2013 census)[1] | |
| • Town and municipality | 83,516 |
| • Density | 210/km2 (540/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 43,007 |
| Postcode | 76100 |
| Area code(s) | +387 049 |
| Website | Official website |
Brčko (pronounced [br̩̂tʃkoː]) is a town, municipality and the administrative seat of Brčko District in northern Bosnia and Herzegovina. It lies on the banks of Sava river across from Croatia. As of 2013, it has a population of 83,516 inhabitants.
It is the only existent entirely self-governing free city in Europe.[2]
Contents
1 Name
2 Geography
3 History
4 Demographics
4.1 Ethnic groups
5 Transport
5.1 Rail
6 Sport
7 Features
8 Gallery
9 Twin towns — sister cities
10 Famous residents
11 See also
12 References
13 External links
Name[edit]
Its name is very likely linked to the Breuci, an Illyrian tribe inhabiting the area in antiquity.[citation needed]
Geography[edit]
Brčko District and Brčko town
The city is located on the country's northern border, across the Sava River from Gunja in Croatia.
Brčko is the seat of the Brčko District, an independent unit of local self-government created on the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina following an arbitration process. The local administration was formerly supervised by an international supervisory regime headed by Principal Deputy High Representative who is also ex officio the Brčko International Supervisor. This international supervision was frozen since 23 May 2012.[3]
History[edit]
 | This section does not cite any sources. (July 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) |
![[icon]](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/44px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png){kind=small} | This section needs expansion with: information beyond 1996-97 period. You can help by adding to it. (July 2017) |
Brčko was a geographic point of contention in 1996 when the U.S.-led Implementation Force (IFOR) built Camp McGovern on the outskirts of the city. Camp McGovern under the overwatch of 3-5 CAV 1/BDE/1AR Division (US) commanded by LTC Anthony Cucculo was constructed from a war torn farming cooperative structure in the Zone of Separation (ZOS) for the purpose of establishing peacekeeping operations. The mission was to separate the forming warring factions. The ZOS was one kilometer wide of no man's land, where special permission was required for Serbian or Bosnian forces to enter. Various checkpoints and observation points (OP's) were established to control the separation.
Although Brčko was a focal point for tension in the late 1990s, considerable progress in multi-ethnic integration in Brčko has since occurred including integration of secondary schooling. Reconstruction efforts and the Property Law Implementation Plan have improved the situation regarding property and return.
Today, Brčko has returned to a strategic transshipment point along the Sava River. The population of Brčko has not returned to its pre-war ethnic mix of Bosniacs, Serbs, and Croats. Brčko sits at the east-west apex of Republika Srpska, the ethnic Serb portion of Bosnia & Herzegovina, and as such is critical to the RS for its economic future.
Brčko was the strategic component of Dayton Peace Accords which could not be negotiated[clarification needed]. After several weeks of intensive negotiation, the issue of Brčko was to be decided by international arbitration. Brčko Arbitration ruled in May 1997 that Brčko would be a special district managed by an ambassadorial representative from the international community. The first Ambassador to Brčko was an American with support staff from the UK, Sweden, Denmark & France.
The first international organization to open office in Brčko at that time was the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) headed by Randolph Hampton.
Following PIC meeting on 23 May 2012, it was decided to suspend, not terminate, the mandate of Brčko International Supervisor. Brčko Arbitral Tribunal, together with the suspended Brčko Supervision, will still continue to exist.[3]
Demographics[edit]
| Historical population | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1948 | 49,969 | — |
| 1953 | 65,078 | +5.43% |
| 1971 | 74,771 | +0.77% |
| 1981 | 82,768 | +1.02% |
| 1991 | 87,627 | +0.57% |
| 2013 | 83,516 | −0.22% |
According to 2013 census the Brčko district had 83,516 inhabitants
Ethnic groups[edit]
The ethnic composition of Brčko:[4]
Bosniaks - 35.381 (42.4%)
Serbs - 28.884 (34.6%)
Croats - 17.252 (20.7%)
Others - 1.999 (2.4%)
Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1961
Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1971
Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1981
Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1991
Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 2013
- 2013
| Village/Town | Nationality | Total | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bosniaks | % | Croats | % | Serbs | % | ||
| Brčko Town | 17,489 | 44.40 | 1,457 | 03.65 | 19,420 | 49.30 | 39,893 |
Page text.[5]
Transport[edit]
Rail[edit]
A railway station is near the city centre on the line from Vinkovci to Tuzla. However, no passenger trains operate to Brčko. The closest operating railway station is in Gunja, Croatia; just on the other side of the border.
Sport[edit]
Brčko has three football clubs (FK Jedinstvo Brčko, FK Lokomotiva Brčko and the youngest club FK Ilićka 01). They all play in the Second League of Republika Srpska.
Features[edit]
Brčko has the largest port in Bosnia, on the Sava river. It is also home to an economics faculty and to a rather important theatre festival;
Gallery[edit]
Panorama of Brčko
Brčko at night
Fountain - the symbol of town
Twin towns — sister cities[edit]
Brčko is twinned with:
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|
|
Famous residents[edit]
Edo Maajka, rapper
Lepa Brena, singer
Edvin Kanka Ćudić, human rights defender
Mladen Petrić, Croatian footballer
Vesna Pisarović, singer
Anil Dervisevic, Denver-errea volleyball club owner, Coach of woman's volleyball National Team of "Bosnia & Herzegovina"
Dženana Šehanović, pianist
Anton Maglica, Croatian footballer
Jasmin Imamović, politician
Nataša Vojnović, Serbian fashion model
Mato Tadić, judge
Brankica Mihajlović, Serbian volleyball player, World and European champion, silver medalist at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Ines Janković, Serbian fashion designer
Nikola Kovać, Professional Counter Strike Global Offensive player
See also[edit]
- Brčko District
References[edit]
^ "World Gazetteer: Bosnia and Herzegovina - largest cities (per geographical entity)". World-gazetteer.com. Archived from the original on 2006-03-16..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em
^ Welcome to Brčko, Europe’s only free city and a law unto itself.
^ ab "Press Conference Following the Meeting of the Steering Board of the Peace implementation Council". Ohr.int. 2012-05-23. Retrieved 2013-11-23.
^ "CENZUS OF POPULATION, HOUSEHOLDS AND DWELLINGS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA, 2013 :: POPIS STANOVNIŠTVA, DOMAĆINSTAVA I STANOVA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI, 2013" (PDF). popis2013.ba. Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina :: Agencija za statistiku Bosne i Hercegovine. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
^ Link text, additional text.
^ "Koliko znamo o bratskim gradovima Brčkog? Prvi dio - Samsun". Portal Brčko. Retrieved June 26, 2015.
[permanent dead link]
^ "Koliko znamo o bratskim gradovima Brčkog? Drugi dio - St. Luis". Portal Brčko. Retrieved June 26, 2015.
[permanent dead link]
^ "Koliko znamo o bratskim gradovima Brčkog? Treći dio - Smederevska Palanka". Portal Brčko. Retrieved June 26, 2015.
[permanent dead link]
 | Wikimedia Commons has media related to Brčko. |
External links[edit]
- Brcko Government web site
- Ekonomski fakultet u Brčkom
- Brčanski Informativni portal
- Evropski univerzitet u Brčkom
HIT Brčko[permanent dead link]- Trka
Coordinates: 44°52′N 18°49′E / 44.87°N 18.81°E / 44.87; 18.81
Political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina | |||||||||||||||
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Una-Sana
Central Bosnia
Posavina
Herzegovina-Neretva
Tuzla
West Herzegovina
Zenica-Doboj
Sarajevo
Bosnian Podrinje
Canton 10Categories:
- Brčko District
- Populated places in Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Bosnia and Herzegovina–Croatia border crossings
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