無理 (日語)

Multi tool use無理(日語:むり,英语:Muri),豐田生產方式與精益生產的術語,是三種主要浪費形式之一[1],應該積極避免其發生,以增加公司利潤。
概論
無理,在字面上,意為「沒有道理的」、「不可能的」、「不合理的」、「超過人的能力」。追求不可能做到的目標,不能帶來附加價值,因此被認定是一種浪費。舉例而言,管理階層要求不具備技術能力的員工執行過度複雜的工作,要求遠超於員工本身的能力,員工花費許多時間,仍然無法達成目標。對於公司來說,這是無益的動作。
在豐田生產方式中,以標準化作業流程,進行持續改善,來減少無理造成的浪費。標準化流程中,應該削除不可能做到的部份,專致於可以產生價值的活動。
註釋
^ Emiliani, Bob; Stec, David; Grasso, Lawrence; Stodder, James. Better thinking, better results: case study and analysis of an enterprise-wide lean transformation 2nd. Kensington, Conn: Center for Lean Business Management. 2007. ISBN 978-0-9722591-2-5.
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