剎車斬波器




剎車斬波器


剎車斬波器（Braking choppers）是安裝在變頻器直流鏈端的電路，當負載將能量回灌到直流鏈時，可利用剎車斬波器及剎車電阻去控制直流鏈的電壓。例如一個已激磁的馬達，其負載為被動拖曳型負載（overhauling load），此時馬達的特性類似發電機，將動能轉換為電能，送至直流端[1][2]。這種配合電阻，制動時讓电阻消耗能量的作法稱為电阻制动。


有些變頻器內部也會內建剎車功率半導體（英语：Power semiconductor device）（稱剎車晶體）及相關電路，此時只需保留連接剎車電阻的端子，供客戶安裝即可。剎車斬波器動作的直流鏈電壓準位則由變頻器自行設定。



運作原理




大型的剎車斬波器


剎車斬波器可視為一個電子開關，利用將能量導通到電阻器轉換為熱能的方式來控制直流電壓。一般變頻器的剎車斬波器會在直流鏈電壓過高時自動動作，直流鏈電壓的準位則依變頻器的額定電壓而定。



相關條目


  • 馬達控制器


參考資料




  1. ^ Werner Leonhard, 2001 "Control of Electrical Drives" Springer Press


  2. ^ R. Krishnan, 2001 "Electric Motor Drives: Modeling, Analysis, and Control", Prentice Hall

















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電動機

直流电动机

直流有刷馬達 · 直流無刷馬達 · 切換式磁阻馬達
交流电动机

同步馬達 · 感應馬達（鼠笼式轉子 · 繞線轉子 · VS馬達） · 伺服馬達 · Unipolar · 磁阻馬達 · 永磁同步馬達
新型电动机

滚珠轴承电动机 · 压电电动机 · 超声波电动机 · 静电电动机 · 力矩馬達
特殊电动机

單極馬達 · 線性馬達 · 步進馬達
电机控制器

變速驅動器（英语：Adjustable-speed drive） · Amplidyne（英语：Amplidyne） · 剎車斬波器 · 直接轉矩控制 · 緩衝啟動器 · Electronic speed control（英语：Electronic speed control） · Metadyne（英语：Metadyne） · 微场扩流发电机 · 变频器 · 矢量控制 · Ward Leonard control · 晶閘管相位控制
参见

纳米电机 · 牽引電動機 · 电刷 · 发电机 · 交流發電機 · Barlow's Wheel · Repulsion motor · Lynch motor · Mendocino motor · Inchworm motor · Booster (electric power)
相關主題

馬達堵轉測試 · 圓線圖 · 閉迴路控制 · 電磁學 · 開路測試 · 開迴路控制器 · 功率重量比 · Torque and speed of a DC motor · 二相電系統



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